John Samuel, Stance Magazine
Debates about fireworks, parading of elephants and opulent religious festivals are raging in social media in the wake of the Paravur tragedy that killed more than 100 people yesterday. But what this disaster sadly underscores is a larger malice that has been plaguing our society for a long time: the lack of accountability at governance.
According to media reports, the Kollam district collector A. Shainamol has clarified no permission was granted for holding the pyrotechnics show at Puttingal temple because of space constraints. Yet, the show took place. This reiterates the fact that there is an increasing gap between policy perceptions, laws and their implementation. Tension prevails between bureaucratic authority and politicians at the grassroots, and this causes the subversion of the law. Police officers often (are compelled to) listen to their political masters while they seek to implement the law of the land.
This issue becomes even more pronounced when it comes to religion and religious institutions. In such matters, we've seen that governance and law take a back seat. Bureaucrats and police look the other way, and politicians try to make the most of the situation. In instances like the Puttingal fireworks, they either conveniently remain silent or actively support popular demand. Amid the increasing sectarianism in our society, everyone is worried about being stereotyped or branded as 'communal.' So the best option is to keep quiet. How many of us would dare to question religious processions or events such as 'ponkalas' hampering traffic and causing inconvenience to public at large? While we remain silent, thinking it is a 'sensitive issue,' politicians work to gain mileage out of such opportunities.
The practice of using elephants in processions and conducting fireworks are part of a feudal temple tradition in our state. Temples, which controlled vast areas of land, were in turn controlled by the upper caste feudal lords who owned elephants. So the procession of elephants and the fireworks contest emerged as a means to show off their wealth and power. While such feudal elements have now become passé, a number of nouveau rich with the same feudal roots have arrived on the scene. These people, who are affluent thanks to the flow of money from overseas or other sources, seek to flaunt their wealth and power by getting into committees that control administration of temples, mosques and churches. They use these positions to increase social influence as well as to boost their bargaining power with political and bureaucratic elites. So being an office bearer of a church, temple or mosque, or that of N.S.S. or S.N.D.P., gives them new social privileges and political patronage. This new class of semi-feudal neo rich now runs the show. Politicians, who aren't sure of their own base or voters’ backing, rely on such characters to mobilize votes at the grassroots. This gives the new feudal lords the confidence to break the law in the name of tradition and faith. Along with the debates about the need for fireworks, we also must question the revival of feudal traditions in new avatars, and whether they undermine the governance and progressive liberal ethos of Kerala.
Meanwhile, over the last two decades, the habitat of Kerala has drastically changed. There aren't many open spaces in the state for safe display of pyrotechnics. With economic growth, emergence of nuclear families and high remittances from overseas, there are houses everywhere in our densely populated state. So where is the space to hold a safe display of fireworks? The Puttingal temple, which once had 60 acres of open grounds, now has less than 15 acres, with a number of houses cropping up around the temple.
Pyrotechnics in Kerala is more of a folk art. It lacks professional skills and training, and there are hardly any safety and security protocols. And worse, our police and firemen haven’t got any professional training or expertise to prevent such a disaster or even to do a spot-check to ensure safety. The usual practice at our fireworks is that those 'ashans' and their sidekicks handle the show after downing a few pegs of alcohol. A large section of the crowd is also likely inebriated.
Now we are all shocked at the Paravur tragedy, but after two weeks, the show will go on until another disaster strikes. How long can we remain so callous at all levels of governance and society? How long will we embrace those 'traditions' that are dangerous to the society?
http://www.stancemagazine.in/questions-after-a-tragedy/